The Census Bureau will never ask for a Social Security number, a bank account, or payment of any kind.
All responses to Census Bureau surveys and censuses are kept confidential and used for statistical purposes only. The Census Bureau publishes "aggregated statistics that do not reveal information about particular individuals, households or businesses."
In order to ensure data sets are useful and protect individual privacy, the Census Bureau will apply safeguards called “disclosure avoidance", which include “differential privacy”. Read more about data protection and privacy.